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Three-Dimensional
Analysis of
Scoliosis
Surgery
Using
Stereophotogrammetry
Kellogg
S.
Booth,
Stanely
B.
Jang,
Chris
W.
Reilly,
Bonita
J.
Sawatzky, and
Stephen
J.
Tredwell
TR-95-24
ABSTRACT
Scoliosis is a deformity characterized by coronal, sagittal and axial
rotation of the spine. Surgical instrumentation (metal pins and rods)
and eventual fusion of the spine are required in severe cases.
Assessment of the deformity requires enough accuracy to allow proactive
planning of individual interventions or implant designs. Conventional
2-D radiography and even 3-D CT scanning do not provide this, but our
new stereophotogrammetric analysis and 3-D visualization tools do.
Stereophoto pairs taken at each stage of the operation and robust
statistical techniques can be used to determine rotation, translation,
goodness of fit, and overall spinal contour before, during and after
the surgical instrumentation.
Novel features of our software include 3-D digitizing software that
improves existing stereophotogrammetry methods, robust statistical
methods for measuring 3-D deformity and estimating errors, full 3-D
visualization of spinal deformities with optional head-coupled stereo
("fish tank virtual reality"), full integration with commercial
animation software, use of consumer PhotoCD technology that
significantly lowers costs for data collection and storage while
increasing accuracy, and simultaneous 3-D viewing and control at remote
locations over high-speed ATM networks.