(r19) GameTheoryTraffic < LCI

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-- Main.ErikZawadzki - 07 Sep 2007

---++Problem Description
---+++Objectives
   I. Minimize delays, stops, trip times, queue size
   I. Maximize 'bandwidths'
---+++Planning Measures
   I. Optimize intersection timing
      i. Adding more sensors
      i. Single intersection/multiple (costly/noisy communication model?)
   I. Public transit
      i. Fares
      i. Routes and schedules
   I. Road tolls
      i. Parking restictions
   I. Route and departure guidance
---+++Commuter Decisions
   I. Trip/Route planning
   I. Mode selection

---++Software:
   * VISSIM / [[VISUM]] ([[http://www.ptv-ag.com/cgi-bin/index.pl]])
   * TRANSIMS ([[http://transims.tsasa.lanl.gov/]]), this is a traffic model developed by physicists at the Los Alamos, and sold to IBM 
   * Paramics ([[http://www.paramics-online.com/projects.php]])
   * CORSIM ([[http://mctrans.ce.ufl.edu/featured/tsis/version5/corsim.htm]])
   * LISA+ ([[http://www.schlothauer.de/en/lisa.html]])
   * TRANSYT ([[http://www.trlsoftware.co.uk/products/detail.asp?aid=4&c=2&pid=66]])
   * Simtraffic ([[http://www.trafficware.com/]])
   * Aimsun ([[http://www.aimsun.com/site/]])
   * MECCA-UTS

---++Traffic Adaptive Control Systems
   * ALLONS-D - online and distributed, arbitrary-cycle, tree-search optimization, local/regional. UMich.
   * SPOT/UTOPIA - online and distributed, arbitrary-cycle, local/regional. Designed by the FIAT Research Centre
   * OPAC - online and distributed, arbitrary-cycle,  local/regional 
   * SPPORT - online and distributed, arbitrary-cycle, local 
   * PRODYN - online and distributed, arbitrary-cycle, local 
   * SCOOT - online and centralized, fixed-cycle, regional
   * TRANSYT - offline and centralized, fixed-cycle, regional
   * SCATS - offline and centralized, fixed-cycle, regional
   * Webster's Equisaturation - offline and centralized, fixed-cycle, regional

---++People
   * [[http://www2.parc.com/spl/members/yzhang/default.html][Ying Zhang]] PARC, Traffic Sensor Networks
   * [[http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/pstone/][Peter Stone]] CPSC @ UTexas at Austin
   * [[http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~kdresner/][Kurt Dresner]]  CPSC @ UTexas at Austin
   * [[http://davidpritchard.org/sustrans/][David Pritchard]] CIVIL MSc at UToronto, extensive bibliography 
   * [[http://www.civil.ubc.ca/faculty/jenkins/index.htm][Jacqueline Jenkins]] CIVIL @ UBC
   * [[http://www.confins.net/saunier/][Nicolas Saunier]] CIVIL Post-Doc @ UBC
   * [[http://www.scarp.ubc.ca/faculty%20profiles/frank.htm][Lawrence Frank]] SCARP @ UBC
   * [[http://www.andynash.com/an-publications.html][Andrew Nash]] Independent Consultant
   * [[http://www.eas.asu.edu/~gcss/people/nvf/][Nicholas V. Findler]] EECE @ Arizona State University

---++Papers

| *Title* | *Author*  | *Scope* | *Problem* | *Solution* | *Comments* |
| [[http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~kdresner/pubs/files/2006aaai-nectar-dresner.pdf][Traffic Intersections of the Future]] | K Dresner and P Stone | Single intersection, automated drivers | Increased efficiency and throughput | Tile-based Reservation | Good references |
| [[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/13187/ftp:zSzzSzcci.ct.tudelft.nlzSzeuro99.pdf/roozemond99using.pdf][Using Intelligent Agents for Urban Traffic Control Systems]] | D Roozemond  | Multi-Intersection, human-controlled vehicles | General optimizing framework | Rule-based pseudo-agent approach | Terrible paper, no real content |
| [[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel1/25/2453/00069966.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=69966][Optimizing Networks of Traffic Signals in Real Time - The SCOOT Method]] | D Robertson and R Bretherton | multiple intersections, human-controlled vehicles | To minimize queues and vehicles stops at intersection  | SCOOT improved on TRANSYT (signal coordination based on fixed time plans) (1) measure CFP in real time (2) update online model of queues continuously (3) incremental optimization of signal settings | Definitely a useful real scenario on signal coordination technique |
| [[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel3/3097/8739/00385804.pdf?arnumber=385804][10 Years with LHOVRA - What are the experiences]] | P Engstrom | multiple intersections | Reduce stops, delays, and accidents in rural & urban areas | L=Truck Priority, H=Major road priority, O=Incident reduction, V=Variable green/yellow, R=Reduction of red light infringement | Seems to be poorly translated, I didn't get much out of this paper. |
| [[http://www.springerlink.com/content/l43xl51683w267h3/][A Distributed Approach for Coordination of Traffic Signal Agents]] | Ana L. C. Bazzan | Multiple intersections | Maximize throughput and traffic saftey; minimize travel times and environmental costs | Pseudo-agent multiagent learning approach | Some good cites. The multiagent learning seems a little hacky |
| Game Theory: Potential Applications in Transportation Planning | Karim A. S. Ismail | Multiple intersections | Finding out applications for game theory in traffic | Driver timing, Road Pricing, Traffic Assignment, Public Transport, Signal Timing | Looks like a good start |
| [[http://www.ersa.org/ersaconfs/ersa05/papers/430.pdf][Different Policy Objectives of the Road Pricing Problem – a Game Theory Approach]] | D Joksimovic et al | one origin-destination (OD) pair, 2 possible routes, 2 travellers, 1 person as road authority | (road pricing) model as 3 types of games: Cournot, Stackelberg and social planner game | For different objectives, multiple optimal solutions exist. the objective functions may have a non-continuous shape | toy problem but interesting, definitely could be extended  |
| [[http://people.virginia.edu/~ag7s/papers/FictitiousPlay.pdf][Fictitious play for finding system optimal routings in dynamic traffic networks]] | A Garcia et al | some simulated traffic network with travellers | (dynamic traffic assignment) minimize average trip time experienced in the network | use repeated play of fictitious games that eventually weakly converge to a local system optimal routing (Alliance software) | "assuming minimizing average travel time is common interests of all travellers" is a little too simplistic. |
| [[http://scitation.aip.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=JTPEDI000119000004000567000001&idtype=cvips&prog=normal][Optimal Dimensions of Bus Service Zones]] | S K Chang and P M Schonfeld | urban area divided into bus service zones | (public transport system) optimize design of urban bus service zones by jointly optimizing decision variables (service headway, route spacing, route length, demand density) | analytic optimization model | optimization based on static data - i guess they can't change bus routes all the time, lots of references about optimizing design of transit systems |
| [[http://www.dcsc.tudelft.nl/~bdeschutter/pub/rep/06_013.pdf][Traffic adaptive control of a single intersection: A taxonomy of approaches]] | R.T. van Katwijk, B. De Schutter, and J. Hellendoorn  | Single Intersection | Minimize the delay experienced by vehicles through manipulation of the traffic signal timings.  | Various, mostly MDP-type frameworks. Dynamic programming and tree-search used to optimize| Good overview of adaptive controllers, but Porche & Lafortune (1997) is a better written overview |
| [[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/8956/http:zSzzSzwww.eecs.umich.eduzSz~porchezSzajournal.pdf/porche97adaptive.pdf][Adaptive Look-Ahead Optimization of Traffic Signals]] | Porche & Lafortune  | Single intersection, extension to multiple | Minimize total delay | Build an MDP, tree-search (Branch and Boundy) | Good overview and taxonomy of different adaptive controllers. Presents ALLONS-D. |
| [[http://www.andynash.com/abn_web_pubs/weidmann-TRB-07-0635.pdf][Passenger Arrival Rates at Public Transport Stations]] | Marco Luethi, Ulrich Weidmann, Andrew Nash  | Zürich | How does one model passenger arrival statistically, given bus frequency | Uniform distribution with shifted Johnson distribution | Summarizes some previous approaches to modeling arrival rates. Worried about overfitting, and how general this result is (data collected in Zürich) |
| [[http://www.spur.org/newsletters/0904.pdf][Traffic Calming in Three European Cities: Recent Experience]] | Andrew Nash  | Three European Cities | n/a | n/a | A laundry list of how Zurich, Vienna, and Munich have dealt with traffic calming |
| [[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/cache/papers/cs/678/http:zSzzSzwww.isle.orgzSz~langleyzSzpaperszSztraffic.aaai98.pdf/moriarty98learning.pdf][Learning Cooperative Lane Selection Strategies for Highways]] | D. Moriarty and P Langley | Single highway | How should 'smart cars' switch lanes in a highway? | Evolutionary algorithms | Strange problem setting (a device that tells you what lane you should be in, once you give it a speed preference?), strange solution |
| [[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/7537/20514/00948655.pdf][Implementation of the OPAC adaptive control strategy in a traffic signal network]] | Nathan H. Gartner et al. | Multiple intersection| Minimize delays and stops | Rolling horizon tree-search approach, which synchronization layer | Seems like a good approach, similar to ALLONS-D in goals and motivations. Gartner has other publications, and seems to cite few other people than himself... draw your own conclusions :)|
| [[http://delivery.acm.org/10.1145/310000/301193/p198-rogers.pdf?key1=301193&key2=1550070911&coll=GUIDE&dl=GUIDE&CFID=626325&CFTOKEN=63227024][An Adaptive Interactive Agent for Route Advice]] | S Rogers, C Fiechter, P Langley | route advice system | How to build an adaptive interactive agent to generate route advice based on user preferences | Agent generates route choices and update user model by observing feedback from user, assign costs to attributes of roads (travel time, length, road type) | pretty simple approach, using some kind of learning/optimization,  possible future work include better learning algorithm + taking into account of dynamic attributes (current road conditions) |
| [[http://www.damas.ift.ulaval.ca/projets/auto21/publi/halleJournalTransResearch.pdf][A Collaborative Driving System Based on Multiagent Modelling and Simulations]] | S Halle, B Chaib-draa | some automated cars on a straight, one way, two lanes, highway segment | which are good coordination models for collaborative driving system (platoons of collaborating vehicles) | compared to centralized model, the multiagent teamwork model is more safe and flexible, but requires more messages to be communicated. | part of the Automobile of the 21st Century (Auto21) supported by Government of Canada, interesting idea, try to tackle traffic from driving perspective instead of from redesigning traffic facilities |
| [[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel3/3097/8739/00385811.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=385811][The Network Effects of Alternative Road Pricing Systems]] | A D May et al | network analysis done for city of Cambridge and York | which 4 charging systems perform better in terms of its positive impact on traffic distribution | network analysis produced different results than conceptual analysis, possible future work include incorporating dynamic route guidance so that drivers are aware of the possible charges in advance | good facts about realistic charging systems for road use - make me wonder how highway 407 in Toronto does the charging. |
Topic revision: r19 - 2007-10-10 - ErikZawadzki