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---+ ISG Gerontechnology 2010: Conference Notes

ISG = International Society of Gerontechnology; May 27-30, 2010, Marriott Pinnacle Hotel, Vancouver BC

Dr. A. Sixsmith, Dr. G. Gutman (editors); Opening address: Franco A. (ISG President)

%TOC% 

---++ Themes

   * Ageing-in-place and facilitation of ADLs
      * Environmental simulations & ADLs
      * Unobtrusive monitoring & privacy
      * Ambient assisted living (AAL)
   * Technologies for preventing or living with cognitive decline / impairment
   * Technologies for social interaction & leisure
   * Interaction design for older users
   * Ageing populations in developing nations

   * "Active aging"

---++ Keynotes

---+++[Dishman]

Dishman E.
Changing practices: Home and community based care technologies for independent living.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):64; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.003.00
Keywords: independent living, health innovation, aging services

   * intel health
      * http://intel.com/healthcare
   * Intel ageing experience study - ethnographic approach
   * past research: Paul Allen (MS): nursing home of the future (~20 years ago)
   * "shift left" on cost vs. quality of life scale, moving care from clinical to community to home, train older adults to care for themselves
   * !TRiL centre (Ireland), affiliated organisation - ethnographic research - _Building Bridges_ study
   * Case study: _Virtual ride sharing_ (kiosk implementation)
   * cognitive assistance - dementia/MCI - fear of social interaction (answering the door/phone)
   * !OrcaTech: observing gameplay (i.e. Solitaire / matching games) - # games played, time taken/# turns, # wins/losses
   * prompting: data visualisation to track/promote social interaction
   * !TRiL - gait/fall analysis, magic carpets for fall detection
   * R: currently a disintegration and fragmentation of care (e.g., many many different medical specialists)
      * need a more wholistic view of the older adult, and of their caregivers (e.g., library, church, home, fitness centre)
   * R: there's a strong focus on acquiring high-tech solutions (e.g., "MRI with better resolution") rather than lower-tech solutions that prevent problems (e.g., better shoes to prevent falls)
      * policy changes are needed to invest in more practical solutions

---+++[Beard]

Beard J.
Innovative approaches to dealing with population ageing.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):64; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.002.00
Keywords: ageing, technology, frailty, social integration

   * WHO panel on ageing
   * fastest ageing in less-developed countries (i.e. Brazil); 
      * _"rich countries have grown rich before growing old; poor countries will grow old before growing rich"_; 
      * universal health care, government pensions, care dependencies - issues
   * age-friendly cities initiative (i.e. NYC); remaining engaged physically, socially, economically
   * re-thinking ageing - opportunity to work until 100 y.o.; 
      * the 1000-hour work year as a viable alternative to the 40-hour work week
      * solution for all working age people? opting in and out?
   * goal: convergence of every-day technology
   * genetic screening for those at risk of hereditary disease - insurance risk?
   * goal: data infrastructure: linkage and internet health care
   * 1.6 billion > 60 y.o. in developed world - what to do?
   * R: let's move from a negative view of aging (what seniors can't do) to a more positive one (opportunity to tap into wealth of human potential and experience)
      * if older people are enabled to be productive and contribute, they won't be considered as much as a "burden"

---+++[Tinker]

Tinker A.
What is the contribution of technology to ageing in place?
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):65; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.005.00
Keywords: ageing in place, technology, frailty, integration of services

   * U of King's College, London
   * comparative cost of ageing in place vs. moving into a care facility?
   * REKI research, home remodelling - adapting existing homes - we must be realistic about remodelling budgets
   * viable option for the rich: move into a hotel / cruise ship
   * terminology for gerontechnology / assistive technology / aids, adaptations, home improvement
   * ref: Charness 08
   * ref: use of computers/internet - european senior watch survey 2000 survey (2000)
      * types of older technology users: digitally challenged / technological open-minded / perpetual first-timers / technological front-runners
      * 53%  keen to learn about new technology (over 70)
   * addressed ambient assisted living (AAL), reablement; telemedicine / embedded systems in clothing / implants
   * are we to do away with terminology / tech jargon?
   * surveillance in the home rather than restraints
   * ref: Charness + Cjaza '05 - SPARC initiative , KT-equal initiative
   * ref: Cambridge U press - '_Technology and Ageing_' in 'Introduction to Gerontology' (in press)

---+++[Fernie]

Fernie G.R.
Technologies for caregivers of frail elders.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):65; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.004.00
Keywords: caregivers, carers, technology, design, commercialisation

   * Toronto rehab institute - moving people back home
   * family CGs are major CG population
   * reality check: no new homes / major renovations to existing homes
   * CGs are stressed physically (heavy lifting), mentally (excessive monitoring)
      * CGs unable to live their own life
   * alleviating the stress on CGs - evidence of accessible homes
   * the environment is an 'evidence-free zone'
   * TRI's Challenging Environment Assessment Lab (CEAL)
      * simulating dangerous environments (winter streets on incline, bus stops, earthquakes, simulating falls, etc.)
   * toilets and stairwells are more difficult and challenging than computers and phones; critiquing the ISG's bias towards the latter
   * MGMT of multi-sensory input (driving and cell phone ~ walking and talking)
   * FICCDAT 2011 - June, Tour of CEAL - festival of international conferences on caregiving, disability, ageing and technology (http://ficcdat.ca)

---+++ Keynote Panel: GT around the world

---++++ [Cornet] (France)

   * Britt Ostlund (Lund U) - human factors => human actors
   * economical / sustainable model needed for GT
   * stresses need for mobility and miniaturisation
   * a need for a data bank of GT innovations / products available
      * http://cnsa.fr - a public organisation - what products work?
   * technology to support/complement human / CG presence

---++++ [Sanford] (USA)

   * lacking policies in the US to drive GT research
   * current state of research focuses on prosthetics and therapeutics - immediate to health; reimbursed for GT for medical conditions only
   * promotion of ADLs in communities
   * a need for design of tech independent of context, establishment of research on activity monitoring, assistive technology, standalone services
      * current tech is non-residential, stigma attached => high tech abandonment, clutter
   * trying to lobby/adopt WHO's ICF - int'l classification of functioning
   * a need to adopt UD as intervention strategy for participation of all people, less tech abandonment - UD: activity and participation, eliminate need for individual assistive devises
   * NCSU (97) principles of UD:
      * equitable use / avoid segregating users
      * flexibility of use (choice in methods, R/L options)
      * simple and intuitive use (consistent w/ expectations)
      * perceptible information, multimodal and redundant
      * tolerance for errors
      * low physical effort- minimise repetitive actions, sustained effort
      * size and space for approach + use, clear line of sight to important elements, reachable components
   * US policy does not yet support UD

---++++ [Wang] (Taiwan)

   * Nan Kan U of Taiwan - industrial design background
   * GT has been in Taiwan as an industry for 6 years
   * smart home lab pilot project
   * wheelchair-car integrations - allow wheelchair driver to drive the car
   * some silly videos

---++ Symposia

---+++ Intelligent systems for assessment of aging changes (ISAAC): Deploying unobtrusive home-based technology 

Kaye J. 
Intelligent systems for assessment of aging changes (ISAAC): Deploying unobtrusive home-based technology.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):121; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.107.00 
Keywords: dementia, mild cognitive impairment, in-home assessment

---++++[Kaye]

Kaye J.
Overview of the intelligent systems for assessment of aging changes (ISAAC) study.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):122; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.108.00
Keywords: dementia, mild cognitive impairment, in-home assessment, technology and ageing 

   * deploying unobtrusive home-based technology
   * ambient assessment, real-time, motor, cognitive
   * Oregon Health & Science University
   * !PoCL lab (Point of Care Lab), living lab

---++++[Hayes]

Hayes T.
Unobtrusive assessment of activity patterns associated with mild cognitive impairment.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):122-123; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.109.00
Keywords: dementia, mild cognitive impairment, cognitive aging, in-home assessment

   * longitudinal data for cognitive decline
   * variance in ADLs greater in those w/ MCI vs. healthy subsets, also in walking speeds (using wavelets)
   * 1 x 10^6, walks over 33 Mo, 113 subjects 
      * MCI subjects most likely to have high variability in walking speeds
      * sleeping patterns - aMCI - less hours in bed, compared to healthy subjects and non-aMCI - less restless at night compared to healthy norms

---++++[Jimison 1]

Jimison H.
Home-based monitoring of computer use to detect aging change.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):123-124; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.110.00 
Keywords: home monitoring, computer interactions, cognitive monitoring 

   * unobtrusive monitoring - mouse, keyboard speed, embedded cognitive metrics within adaptive games
      * 9 games test memory. divided attention, verbal fluency, planning - also monitors activity, speed, cog. metrics - a fusion of metrics for detection combined with other sensors
         * games analogous to neuropsychological tests: trail-making, digit span, digit-symbol matching
      * 80 weeks / computer use

---++++[Pavel]

Pavel M.
Fusion algorithms for home-based technology development.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):124; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.111.00 
Keywords: ubiquitous computing, algorithms, data fusion, dementia, in-home assessment

   * fusing of sensors - use of machine learning / state-transition models
   * analysis done to relate speed of walking to cognitive function 
      * i.e. abrupt change in distribution of walking speeds => stroke, gradual change => degenerative dementia
      * normal ageing and loss of working memory over time

---++++[Wild]

Wild K.
Unobtrusive in-home monitoring of cognitive and physical health: Reactions and perceptions of older adults.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):124-125; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.112.00
Keywords: attitudes, focus groups, elderly independence, in-home assessment 

   * 6 focus groups, 3 elders, 3 primary care contacts
   * investigated data presentation - how to relate findings?
   * privacy concerns change over time, more accepting

---+++Canada-UK initiative on technology and dementia

Adlam T., Mihailidis A. 
Canada-UK initiative on technology and dementia.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):68; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.048.00
Keywords: dementia, assistive technology, implementation, UK, Canada

   * AM: U of T, AT: BIME, U of Bath, UK
   * sandpit methodology for addressing issues
   * open-ended 'wish' question on interviews/surveys are difficult - a library of potential solutions unknown to !PwDs/CGs
   * use a variety of communication tactics and aids necessary for speaking w/ older users w/ dementia
      * examine body language, facial expression, poise
   * !OshKosh enjoyment scale - verbal and nonverbal behaviour, interacting w/ oneself

---++++[Astell 1]

Astell A., Parsons M.S.
CIRCA: Technology to prompt reminiscing and conversation between residents in care homes and care staff.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):68-69; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.049.00
Keywords: dementia, technology, reminiscence

   * U of St. Andrews, UK - collaboration w/ UBC
   * no practice-training - touch-screens only
   * provided a live demo - audio/video/pictures - popular media, local media, generating conversation
   * sanctuary care - not just novelty - but is this real work? whose duty?

---++++[Mountain]

Mountain G., Craig C.
What do people really want? Meeting the needs of people with early dementia and their carers through technology.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):69-70; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.050.00
Keywords: self-management, consultation, technologies

   * Sheffiled Hallam U, UK
   * what do people want? post-diagnosis?
   * ref: Topo, P (2007) - patients vs. CGs: journal of applied gerontology 28(17) - (lit review)
   * 12 dimensions of self-mgmt - being able to set their own agenda
   * do not focus solely on self-care and safety - fun too! aesthetics matter

---++++[Martin]

Martin S., Galbraith M.G., Wallace G., Mulvenna M.D.
Transferring research and innovation Living Lab (TRAIL): Experience of a living lab.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):70; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.051.00
Keywords: living labs, user engagement, open innovation

   * U of Ulster, UK
   * TRAIL - transferring research and innovation living lab
   * experiences: HCI approaches evaluated - user-driven models, 
   * assumptions about !PwDs and HCI methodology

---++++[Boger]

Boger J., Turcotte N., Quraishi M., Dunal L.
Assistive technologies used to support occupations by community-dwelling older adults with dementia and informal caregivers.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):70-71; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.052.00
Keywords: assistive technology, dementia, daily occupations, older adults, technology use

   * U of T, Baycrest institute
   * AT for community-dwelling dementia for ADL - engineering + OT perspective
   * types of AD used in the name to support occupations; interviewed OTS + informal caregivers for a consensus on what technology is in use
      * enablers and barriers for AT use
      * overlap b/w OTs and informal CGs - what are they using?

---++++[Pigot]

Pigot H.
When cognitive assistance brings autonomy in daily living: the DOMUS experience.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):71; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.053.00
Keywords: assistive technology, cognitive assistance, cognitive deficits, mobile agenda, smart home 

   * U of Sherbrooke, DOMUS lab, Canada; examining cognitive assistance
   * autonomy in ADLs and allowing !PwDs to continue ADLs
   * providing context-aware ATs, personalised approach
   * based on user habits, minimal interaction, facilitate communication b/w patient and CG
   * DOMUS smart home, test scenarios/experiments
   * !SemAssist - info tool for semantic knowledge (i.e. cooking assistance)
   * MOBUS, Ap@lz - personal organiser/mobile assistant

---+++Tracking older adults of various levels of cognitive health: Findings of the !SenTra consortium

Oswald F., Wahl H.W., Shoval N. 
Tracking older adults of various levels of cognitive health: Findings of the !SenTra consortium.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):153; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.082.00 
Keywords: GPS, out-of-home mobility, cognitive impairment, dementia, old age

   * participating institutions: U of Heidelburg (DE), U of Goethe (Frankfurt, DE), Hebrew U of Jerusalem
   * environmental gerontology, cognitive ageing, time geography - multi-method approach
   * focus on urban-living !PwDs, MCI, using GPS/GIS, mobility diaries
      * involvement of family, CGs, partners
      * longitudinal study

---++++[Isaakson]

Isaakson M., Shoval N.
Repetition and routine in the lives of elderly people.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):153-154; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.083.00 
Keywords: GPS, spatial activity, routine, old age, out of home mobility

   * tracking technology: !STaR unit (GPS, GSM Modem, RF component), home unit + RF watch
      * discards data when RF is more than *m from monitoring unit (forgotten at home)
   * understanding routines and geography of memory loss
      * using spider diagram geospatial visualisation
      * using sequence align methods (adapted to social sciences from biochemistry method - detecting sequence changes and shifts) (!ClustalG -> !ClustalX)
      * mapping types of days of older users, classified after alignment and taxonomic organisation;
   * during cog. decline, routines become disrupted / missing, travel closer to home, more variability
   * contact: michal.isaacson @ mail.huji.ac.il (Hebrew U of Jerusalem)

---++++[Oswald]

Oswald F., Wahl H.W., Voss E., Schilling O., Seidl U., Freytag T., Wettstein M.
Tracking older adults of various levels of cognitive health in the project !SenTra: Findings from a psychology perspective.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):154-155; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.084.00 
Keywords: out-of-home mobility, cognitive impairment, psychology, well-being, old age

   * psychology perspective of the !SenTra project
   * analysis of mobility diaries
      * 141 users - 95 healthy, 30 MCI, 16 !PwD
      * distribution, freq., alone vs. w/ others
      * mood + mobility, variability according to diagnosis
      * greater emotional variability among impaired
   * results: groups differ in max dist/day - time, freq., action range - related to cog. health
   * does tracking data support diary data?

---++++[Auslander]

Auslander G.K., Gitlitz T., Werner S., Landau R., Shoval N., Heinik J.
Caregiver burden of family members of cognitively impaired old people: The relationship with elders’ quality of life and time-space behavior.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):155; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.085.00 
Keywords: out-of-home mobility, cognitive impairment, psychology, well-being, old age

   * S. Werner - Hebrew U of Jerusalem
   * 75 !PwDs and CGs, MMSE > 21
   * higher subjective burden (correlated w/ lower MMSE) -> greater variability in mobility

---++++[Landau]

Landau R., Werner S., Auslander G.K., Shoval N., Heinik J.
Attitudes of family and professional caregivers towards the use of GPS for people with dementia.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):155-156; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.086.00 
Keywords: GPS, family caregiver, professional caregiver, attitude, dementia

   * S. Werner - Hebrew U of Jerusalem
   * efforts to reduce burden on CGs; what about ethical burden?
   * CGs want to enhance safety of patients, reduce CG distress
   * individual autonomy vs. privacy - is it dehumanising?
      * stigma attached to tracking - likens to tracking released convicts
   * study w/ professional and family CGs, OTs - attitudes of GPS for !PwDs
      * focus group, questionnaire, Likert scale Q's, factor analysis
      * securing CG peace of mind (esp. family)
      * respect for !PwD's autonomy (esp. pro CG/OT)
      * restricted support for device - only for severe stages of dementia
      * how to oblige !PwD to use device?
      * possibility of objection to the device
   * GPS as a 'protected milieu of autonomy
      * families much more in favour of GPS than pro CGs
      * upside: peace of mind, safety, 
      * downside: opposed to tracking and lack of autonomy

---++++[Wahl]

Wahl H.W.
Potential of !SenTra for gerontechnology research and intervention.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):156; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.087.00
Keywords: out-of-home mobility, cognitive impairment, intervention, old 

   * 'Big Brother is watching you' concern
   * using !SenTra for early diagnostic testing of cognitive function

---++ Paper Sessions

---+++ Dementia Support

---++++[Ho]

Ho K., Novak Lauscher H., Stacy E., Jagdis R.
!InterCultural Online Health Network (iCON): Technology: Enabled wellness support for dementia patients and caregivers.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):215; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.296.00 
Keywords: dementia, self-management, public education, web-based resources

   * UBC eHealth strategy office - Elizabeth Stacy
   * intercultural online health network + public forums on various conditions (diabetes, dementia, liver disease etc.)
   * Chinese + Punjabi support
   * http://iconproject.org/

---++++[Perälä]

Perälä S., Ämmälä M., Latvala R., Mäkelä K.
Location based technology for memory impaired elderly.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):242; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.274.00
Keywords: health technology, elderly care, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease

   * U of Ostrobothnia
   * targeted at those prone to wander i. in the home; ii. around the home; iii. at a distance
   * technology rejected by users
   * EPTEK: http://eptek.fi

---++++[Spreeuwenberg]

Spreeuwenberg M.D., Willems C.G.M.H., Verheesen H., Schols J., Witte L.P. de
Dynamic lighting as a tool to influence the day-night rhythm of clients with psychogeriatric disorders: A pilot study in a Dutch nursing home.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):250; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.278.00
Keywords: dynamic lighting, nursing home, actimetry

   * Zuyd University, NL
   * nursing home - psychogeriatric patients
   * varying light intensity and colour temperature throughout the day to address dysregulation of biorhythms
      * alleviate sundowning effect - lack of sensory stimulation in the late afternoon
   * longitudinal study b/w 2 groups - one control, one w/ dynamic lighting (w/ 2 lighting schemes)
   * more arousal / mental awareness of treatment group - allowed for greater conversation

---++++[Astell 2]

Astell A.
Developing computer games for people with dementia.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):189; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.289.00 
Keywords: dementia, technology, guidelines

   * U of St. Andrews, UK
   * exploring notions of flow, encouraging achievement + mastery, presenting appropriate challenges to !PwDs
   * provide positive reinforcement
   * solution: touch-screen games (no learning req'd), CGs not interviewed
   * study: N = 14, MA = 76 y.o., MMSE range 17-23, avg. 19.6 (mild-moderately impaired)
   * results: high enjoyment, concentration, no side-effects
   * initially tried games like bowling, mini-golf, activities that could no longer be done physically (i.e. !WiiSports)
      * but without clear objective, concentration couldn't occur
      * painting and shooting games had clear objective and high enjoyment, no learning req'd 

---++++[Baecker 1]

Baecker R.M., Shim N., Tonon K., Pandeliev V., Birnholtz J., Stern Y., Steinerman J.R., Moffatt K.
‘Serious’ online gaming environments to enhance brain fitness in senior citizens.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):190; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.265.00 
Keywords: online games, video games, cognitive reserve, mental aging, cognitive prostheses

   * U of T / !TAGLab
   * Stern's concept of cognitive reserve - capitalising on this
   * ACTIVE study (Ball et al) - no conclusive evidence for/against cognitive fitness games for older adults
      * prospective randomised control trials on internet gaming site (Velian Pandeliev)
      * challenges: confounding activities, recruitment and continued attendance
   * open-source solution

---+++ Social Interaction & Leisure

---++++[Valk]

Valk L. de, Kruitwagen S., Bekker M.M., Romero N.A., Sturm J.
Activator: Playful persuasion to support older adults’ social and physical activities.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):257; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.240.00 
Keywords: independent living, persuasion, social and physical activity

   * Technical U of Eindhoven (m.mbekker @ tue.nl) - ORBIS lab
   * diary studies and interviews - recreational activities of seniors (not ethnographic research)
   * developing personas, developed agendas for persons
      * wide variety of user needs, requirements
   * results
      * many preferred smaller rather than massive activities, those catered to one's interests, with control over what is offered
   * conclusions: designing for transitions (changing social circles, health, environments)
   * mutual motivators: self + group awareness, physical and social motivators, upcoming activities)
   * playful persuasion (i.e. bead-notification device - a bead virtual intimacy object (VIO) - U of Newcastle, UK)

---++++[Bekker]

Bekker M.M., Romero N.A., Sturm J., Valk L. de, Kruitwagen S.
Persuading older adults to social and physical activities.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):194; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.229.00 
Keywords: independent living, persuasion, social and physical activity

   * Technical U of Eindhoven (m.mbekker @ tue.nl) - ORBIS lab
   * incorporating playful persuasion into design - social awareness + activity reminders
   * conducted field study in a care home
      * diary method (not working well), informal interviews, sensor/activity logging
   * resulting activity system + sensor-actuator network still too complex
   * difficulties w/ frail elderly - hard to generalise?
   * reflections on participatory design: abstract prototypes and lo-fi prototypes difficult to imagine

---+++ Cognitive & Neuropsychological Support

---++++[Baecker 2]

Baecker R.M., Levy A., Massimi M., Tonon K., Watson M., Fenwick K., Scott W., Rochon E., Mulholland D., Laird L., Black S.E., Moffatt K., Poorshahid G.
Context-aware mobile phones to aid seniors with word recall and production.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):190-191; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.311.00
Keywords: cognitive prostheses, senior citizens, anomic aphasia, context-aware, mobile devices 

   * U of T / !TAGLab
   * working w/ aphasics, forgetting names
   * FF - Friend Forecaster - for normally ageing seniors - helps to recall proper names, context-aware
      * uses context-aware inference engine to predict people you may see in that location
   * MP - Marco Polo - for anomic aphasics - a vocabulary aid
      * subjects report on usefulness of predictions to refine recommendations
      * system is either location-aware or allows the user to customise locations of interest
   * cell phones as memory prosthetics / AAC devices

---++++[Jimison 2]

Jimison H.B., Pavel M., Hatt W.J., Chan M., Larimer N., Yu C.H.
Delivering a multi-faceted cognitive health intervention to the home.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):224; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.297.00 
Keywords: cognitive intervention, home health, home monitoring

   * !OrcaTech / OHSU
   * semi-automated tailored messaging for cog. training coaches
   * evaluation by remote usability testing
   * coach sends recommendations to user for cog. exercise, phys. exercise, sleep mgmt, socialisation - cog. exercise games have embedded metrics to detect variability in gameplay trends
   * different coach and participant interfaces - coach interface to be shared w/ clinicians?

---++++[Beaudoin]

Beaudoin L.P., Winne P.H.
Implications of psychological principles for designing software to improve memory performance in older adults.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):192; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.228.00 
Keywords: cognitive aging, memory, retrieval practice

   * SFU !CogSci / cognitive productivity / !CogZest startup (coming soon!)
   * focus on retired knowledge workers + declarative memory, free recall performance
      * addressing common memory complaints
   * rather than off-loading cognition, emphasis on enhancing cognition
   * which psyc. principles to use for design? there are many! 
   * potentially useful psyc. principles:
      * learning / forgetting curve - repetition
      * speed-memory / retrieval / test-effects (organising principle)
      * goal setting (specific, difficult, realistic)
      * persistence of memory
      * associationism - cued recall -> free recall / recognition
      * self-regulated learning strategies
      * mnemonics (good/bad)
      * transfer
   * training mnemonics, phonetic scanning, speed of recall
   * http://blogs.sfu.ca/people/lpb/

---+++ Interface Design Issues II

---++++[Messier]

Messier C., Miller D.I., Gagnon M., Talbot V.
I hate Emily: Why interactive voice response systems are unfriendly with older people and how to fix it.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):231; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.221.00 
Keywords: computerized telephone service, memory, attention, interactive voice response

   * U of Ottawa, NSERC, !TelAsk
   * Emily = Bell Canada automated interactive voice response system - 
      * hated by older users (prefer keypad responses, systems are geared toward avg. person 
      * brains are different in terms of functional ability
   * adaptive IVR - tracking users cog. functional ability w/ computer algorithm
   * IVR vs. keypad, neither sig. preferred based on interaction
   * all IVR tasks not created equal (simple, complex)
   * DVs: correct responses, highest level achieved before quitting / being ejected from system
   * IVs: age, education, intelligence
      * age/education did not differ significantly, although low intelligence + education correlated with poor performance
   * subjective prefs: older users -> IVR less preferred, higher education -> IVR more preferred
   * general intelligence (IQ) not predictive of IVR performance
   * cog. predictors of IVR performance and level of IVR achieved: arithmetics, verbal comprehension pre-tests, avg. memory required
   * how to improve IVR systems:
      * sever-side sound level adjustment
      * adaptive speed of delivery based on pre-tests
      * # choice adapted to memory pre-test performance
      * wording adapted to verbal comprehension pre-test performance
      * complexity adapted to reasoning pre-test performance
      * other possibilities: adapting IVR to time of day (fast in AM, slow in PM - opposite of younger demographic), assisted/monitored IVR

---++++[Benton]

Benton S., Altemeyer B., Manning B.
Behavioural prototyping: A method for aligning technological capacity with behavioural function for the over 65’s.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):196; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.290.00
Keywords: behavioural profiling, market alignment, aging

   * U of Westminster, UK - boris.altemeyer @ my.westminster.ac.uk, research associate, MBA project
   * behavioural prototyping for increased life satisfaction
   * user behaviour will change, but more time will be spent w/ technology in next 30 years - we can't simply shift the bell curve, activities and behaviours will change
   * objectives: develop behavioural prototypes/profiles
      * aim to reduce technological redundancy, rather than technical possibility, focus on the user
   * user /sample population / group: u3a (retirees in the UK) - over 240K
   * suggests modular questionnaire design - each iteration feeds back into questions for next iteration
   * focus on wearable / ubiquitous technology
   * ref: Rowe/Kahn - successful ageing factors (97)
   * iterative approach in modular questionnaire design to go beyond human factors -> behavioural prototypes
   * interconnected model of technology, design, well-being, health, social interaction, activity

---++++[Abdulrazak]

Abdulrazak B., Chakroun O., Malik Y.
!LocSys: Localization framework for smart spaces.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):346; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.314.00
Keywords: hybrid localization solution, smart spaces, pervasive computing

   * U of Sherbrooke, QC, DOMUS lab
   * adapted and environmental cues, personalised, ubiquitous/pervasive - smart spaces equipped w/ sensors, actuators
   * needs: dynamic, distributed solution, re-usable, low resource usage, multilevel info processing, upgradeable + adaptable, leverages !TelCos and existing technology, ubiquity, discovery/learning
   * tech: !UbiSense (UWB), !Ekehau (WLAN), Active Bits (!UltraSound), !ZigBee, Place Lab (GSM, GPS, !WiFi, !BlueTooth, ABL (GPS (outdoors) + !WiFi (indoors))
   * requirements: many nodes (redundancy), cross-platform, integrates w/ existing tech, OS, component-based, able to switch to local solution on-the-fly b/w indoor/outdoor
   * utilises a reasoning engine to toggle technology use/activation
   * future work: efficient trackers, less delay, probabilistic approach (dealing w/ uncertainty in sensor readings), resource mgmt, integration of sensor nodes

---++ Posters

---+++[O'Brien]

O'Brien D., Knapp R.B., Thompson O., Craig D.
Developing acceptable software: Preparing to test the efficacy of cognitive stimulation in preventing dementia.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):318; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.158.00 
Keywords: dementia prevention, cognitive decline, technology acceptance

   * Donal O'Brien (ob.donal @ gmail . com) - Queen's University, Belfast UK
   * focus groups to evaluate brain games
   * evaluation - results should be individual / not compared to a group / population norms

---+++[Wilson]

Wilson R., Rochon E., Mihailidis A.
Examining effective communications strategies employed by caregivers assisting individuals with Alzheimer’s disease during oral care.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):339; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.190.00
Keywords: dementia, caregiver, communication, activities of daily living, assistive technology

   * U of T; 
   * hand-washing COACH system (Mihailidis)
   * multimodal prompts when appropriate
   * users: long-term care impaired MMSE 0-22

---+++[Wright]

Wright P., Soroka A.J., Belt S.
Audio changes how older people follow animated instructions.
Gerontechnology 2010; 9(2):340; doi:10.4017/gt.2010.09.02.191.00
Keywords: instructions, multimedia, memory, audio, animation

   * U of Cardiff, UK
   * audio + following instructions
   * pre-tests: digit span, vis spatial memory pretests
   * task: arranging a 7-piece puzzle
   * watched and additionally listened to instructions
   * results: time / accuracy did not differ b/w visual and visual+audio group
      * differed significantly on pretest performance
      * listeners w/ higher memory were faster; no assoc. w/ vis memory, silent users correlated with vis spatial memory scores
   * different strategies - allow for both! offer modality choices

---++ Master Class

---+++ Master Presentations
---++++ Andrew Sixsmith (SFU Gerontology)
   * Supporting "Active aging"
      * improving quality of life rather than focusing on "problems" of old age
      * enabling rather than caring
      * independence rather than dependence
      * universal design rather than accessible design
      * aging as opportunity rather than burden or threat
      * enabling systems rather than passive systems
---+++[Leung]

Leung R. (UBC)
Design Guidelines for Mobile Technologies for Healthy Older Adults.

   * icon design, multi-level interfaces / multiple levels of complexity, mobile-desktop interaction
   * survey studies

---++ Trade Show

---+++ [OrcaTech]

   * intelligent games for cognitive impairment detection; William Hatt (developer), medical informatics;
      * tests paired w/ neuropsychological battery tests; i.e. "scavenger hunt" game = trails test
      * data visualisation for conveying results over time; # games played, personal performance; not comparing to population means
      * also unobtrusively tracking time taken for turns/games, time between games as metrics for diagnosis

---++ Closing Ceremony

   * ISG student chapter - Stacy Stewart
   * A Sixsmith: themes:
      * increase in training and student involvement
      * older people actively involved in participatory design
      * older people not technophobic
      * social participation, universal design
      * ISG community is trans-disciplinary rather than multidisciplinary
      * translation of knowledge -> products, changing of policy
   * upcoming events:
      * ISG*ISARC 2012 - Eindhoven, NL - Work, leisure, robotics for ageing - June 26-30, 2012 (Technical University of Eindhoven, host organisation)
      * FICCDAT 2011, Toronto
      * Ambient Assisted Living 2010 - Odense, Denmark - AAL forum, AAL investment forum - 15-17 Sept. - http://aalforum.eu

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-- Main.MatthewBrehmer - 01 Jun 2010
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Topic revision: r4 - 2010-06-29 - TWikiGuest